Treatment of excretory problems

ABSTRACT

This invention deals with inducing urination and/or defecation through electro-magnetic induction. The claimed method provides a non-invasive procedure to stimulate excretory functions in paraplegic and quadriplegic patients.

This application is a continuation-in-part of Ser. No. 08/301,904 filedSep. 6, 1994 now U.S. Pat. No. 5,833,595.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

This invention deals with the treatment of excretory functions includingurinary and defecation problems in mammals wherein the normal functionis absent or severely impaired.

2. Description of the Art Practices

It is known for most paraplegics that the bladder empties automaticallyand necessitates the wearing of an external collecting device. Reflexbladder contractions occur where the urethral sphincter may undergo anintermittent spastic contraction interrupting voiding and frequentlyleading to high bladder pressures. The foregoing situation is alsoaccompanied by incomplete bladder emptying also known as detrusorsphincter-dyssynergia.

Typically, a patient whose sacral cord, or cauda equina is damaged oftenresults in a flaccid bladder. Intermittent self catheterization is oftenused by patients who are unable to completely void the bladder thusleaving a large residual amount of urine which predisposes the urinarytract to infections.

In addition to patients with spinal injuries, there is also thesituation of surgical patients who need to void their bladder. Themicturition process in patients under anesthesia may be necessary toprevent abnormally high bladder pressure. Such situation occurs wherethe patient is in need of urgent surgery, and normal procedures forbladder evacuation must be deferred. Another situation in whichmicturition may benefit from controlled response is in geriatricpatients. In such situations it may be necessary to stimulate thepatients bladder in a controlled setting to avoid bed wetting.

Arnold, et al. discusses bladder function in an article entitled SacralAnterior Root Stimulation of the Bladder in Paraplegics Aust. N.Z.J.Surg. 1986, 56, 119-124. The Arnold article treats the treatment ofpatients 12 month post-injury to allow the neurological status to becomestable. Arnold describes the patient as being positioned in a pronesituation and laminectomies of L 3 to S 2 (inclusive) are performed. Thedura is then opened in the mid-line at the L 4/L 5 level to S 2 withinitial anatomical localization of the cauda equina nerves. Commencingunilaterally, the S 2 nerves are then identified and the motor andsensory components separated. Direct nerve stimulation is performed onthe motor and sensory components with observation made of the detrusorand rectal pressures, pelvic floor and distal limb muscles.

The second stage of the operation in Arnold's patient is performed aweek later. The patient is positioned in the lateral decubitus positionand the coiled cables in the cutaneous pouch are exposed and leadsubcutaneously to a radial-receiver unit which is placed in asubcutaneous pouch over the anterial lateral chest wall over ribs.

The transmitter coils are connected by a short cable to the signalgenerator control box which allows adjustment of the strength andfrequency, shape and timing of the desired electro-stimulation. It isobserved that voiding occurs in spurts after each burst of stimulation.The procedure of Arnold is difficult to put in practice with onlytwo-thirds of the patients initially indicating a satisfactory responsefollowing surgery.

Li, et al, in Role of Electric Stimulation in Bladder EvacuationFollowing Spinal Cord Transection discusses bladder stimulation in TheJournal of Urology vol. 147, 1429-1434. Li teaches neural stimulation asa potentially valuable therapeutic tool in the treatment of neurogenicbladder with detrusor areflexia.

Li discloses that the urinary bladder receives its innervation from 3sources: Somatic, Sympathetic, and Para-Sympathetic. The Sympatheticinnervation of the bladder is controlled by the hypogastric nerve;para-sympathetic impulses are carried by the pelvic nerve. The pudendalnerve which is derived from the sacral nerves supplies somaticinnervation to the striated musculature of the urethra. Li notes thatthe Somatic and Autonomic reflexes are lost in the event of a spinalcord lesion.

A review article was released by Madersvacher entitled IntravesicalElectrical Stimulation for the Rehabilitation of the NeuropathicBladder, Paraplegia 28 (1990) 349-352. Madersvacher stated thatintrovesical electro-stimulation dates back to 1878 which Saxtrophtreated urinary retention by inserting a special cathetertrans-uretherally into the bladder with a metal-electrode inside andwith a neutral electrode placed supra-pubically. The idea ofelectro-stimulation of the bladder to encourage functional micturitionlaid dormant until 1959 when Katona et al described the technique ofintraluminal electro-therapy. Madersvacher also discusses trans-urethralelectro-stimulation of the bladder being based on the activation ofspecific receptors in the bladder wall.

Nashold et al, in Electro Micturition, in Paraplegia Arch Surg Vol.,February 1972. Nashold describes a paraplegic patients who haveundergone electrode implantation in the S 1-S 2 region of the conusmudullaris. The electro-stimulation proceeded with a smallbattery-operated radio frequency stimulator and the receiver is statedto produce adequate emptying of the bladder every 3 to 4 hours. The malepatients were stated to have required a sphincterotomy. Nashold statesthat the stimulation indexes employed at surgery and during the initialtesting were biphasic square wave ranging from 100 to 500 microsecondsin duration at various frequencies and voltages. Specific dataconcerning the parameters of Nashold indicate that the patient at homeuses stimulation indexes of 15 to 30 cycles per second, 10 to 15 voltsand 200 micro-second pulses for 30 to 60 seconds for emptying thebladder.

Urinary stimulation is discussed in an article entitled Sacral AnteriorRoot Stimulators for Bladder Control in Paraplegia by Brindley, et al.reported at Paraplegia 30 (1982) 365-381. Brindley discloses thatpatients whose bladders remain innervated by an isolated cord that isnot severely damaged can achieve reflex micturition. However, many ofthe patients according to Brindley have large residual urine volumes andsuffer from a persistently or recurringly infected urine.

Brindley discusses an implant consisting of three parts. The Brindleyarticle discusses the use of electrode “books” in which the sacral rootsare trapped with three electrodes in each slot. Brindley discussesavoiding pressure through a thin urethral catheter during implant drivenmicturition after the implants had been in use for several months.

The discussion of chronically implanted electrodes for treatment of thespinal root is discussed in A Technique for Anodally Blocking LargeNerve Fibres Through Chronically Implanted Electrodes by Brindley, et alJournal of Neurology, Neural Surgery and Psychiatry 1980, 43, 1083-1090(hereinafter Brindley II).

Mouchawar, in an article entitled Closed-Chest Cardiac Stimulation witha Pulsed Magnetic Field, Medical & Biological Engineering & ComputingMarch 1992, page 162 discusses magnetic stimulator to generate intense,rapidly changing magnetic fields capable of stimulating nerves. Magneticresonance systems utilizing coplanar coils to provide a pulsed magneticfield with an average of 12 kilojoules to achieve closed-chestmagnetically induced ectopic beats. The Mouchawar article also describesthe peak-induced electrical field for threshold stimulation at 213 V/mfor a 571 micro-second damped sine wave pulse.

Voorhees III et al, in a technical note in the Journal of ClinicalEngineering September/October 1990 page 407 article entitledMagnetically Induced Contraction of the Inspiratory Muscles in Dogdiscusses short-duration inspirations by discharging a capacitor bankinto an excitation coil placed over the lower right chest. The VoorheesIII article discusses utilizing the construction of the excitation coilas having 59 turns of ¼ inch copper ribbon 0.0200 inches thick wound ona ¾″ diameter plastic rod where the outer diameter of the coil is 3.75″and the entire coil is potted in silicon rubber.

The inductance per Voorhees III et al is 139 micro-H and the resistanceis 0.084 ohms. The current was delivered to the coil from a 100-micro Fcapacitor bank. The resonant frequency of the system was 1350 Hz and thedamping coefficient was 0.05.

Cadwell Laboratories, Inc. in Application Notes AP-2 Rev. 1 Feb. 22,1990, discusses high speed magnetic stimulator characteristics. In atechnical note by Bourland et al in IFMBE, page 106-108 (March, 1990),entitled Transchest Magnetic (eddy-current) stimulation of the dog heartas reported in Med. & Biol. Eng. & Comput., 1990, 28, 196-198. Themagnetic stimulator used by Bourland et al is described as a pulsegenerator with two coplanar coils connected in a series so that thecurrent flows in a clock-wise direction in one coil andcounter-clockwise in the other.

The Bourland et al coil and generator specifications were stated to bedetermined from computer simulations, and were optimized for minimalenergy stored in the generator. The coils were described as 30-turn 106Micro H Coil fabricated from ½″ by 0.043″ copper ribbon covered with aglass-epoxy insulation. The inter-diameter of each coil is 7.2 cm andthe outer diameter is 16.5 cm. The magnetic stimulator and coils is aseries RLC circuit, comprising a 682 micro F, 9900 V Capacitor, outputswitch (ignition) and 220 micro H inductor (combined value for bothcoils, including mutual inductance). The resistance of the Bourlanddevice is stated to be 220 m ohms and a reverse-biased diode isconnected across the 682 micro-capacitor to prevent reversepolarization.

A discussion of nerve stimulation was presented in IEE Transactions onBiomedical Engineering, Volume 37, NO. 6, 1990 under the heading of AModel of the Stimulation of a Nerve Fiber by Electromagnetic Inductionby Roth et al.

Alexander, et al, in British Journal of Urology (1970), 42, 184-190discusses electric pessary stimulation in a paper entitled Treatment ofUrinary Incontinence by Electric Pessary A Report of 18 Patients.

In an article entitled Developing a More Focal Magnetic Stimulator PartI: Some Basic Principals by Cohen et al, as recorded in Journal ofClinical Neurophysiology, 8 (1); 102-111 (1991) magnetic stimulation isdiscussed generally. Similar disclosures are made by Yunokuchi et al inthe Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology, 8 (1); 112-120 (1991) in anarticle entitled Developing a More Focal Magnetic Stimulator. Part II:Fabricating Coils and Measuring Induced Current Distributions.

The reader is also referred to Magnetic Stimulation in ClinicalNeurophysiology edited by Sudhansu Chokroverty and published byButterworths, Boston, London, Singapore, Sydney, Toronto, and WellingtonChapter 3 pages 17 through 32, pages showing FIGS. 7-18; 14-1; 17-4;17-10, 18-3 and 18-4.

Further reference is made to Magnetic Brain Stimulation With a DoubleCoil: The importance of Coil Orientation by Mills et al. published inElectroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology, 85 (1992) pages17-21. Reference is also made to a publication entitled the Effects ofCoil Design on Delivery of Focal Magnetic Stimulation-TechnicalConsiderations Cohen et al. Electroencephalography and ClinicalNeurophysiology, 75 (1990) pages 350-357.

Further reading on the subject of magnetic studies of mammals is foundin Brodak et al. Magnetic Stimulation of Sacral Roots Neurology andUrodynamics 12: pages 533-540 (1993) and in Motor Evoked Potentials Fromthe Bladder on Magnetic Stimulation of the Cauda Equina: New Techniquesfor Investigation of Autonomic Bladder Innervation published in theJournal of Urology 147: pages 658-661 (1992).

A summary of the results of the magnetic stimulation presented in thispatent was made on Oct. 8, 1993 at the annual meeting of the AAEM AnnualMeeting under the heading of High Frequency Magnetic Stimulation of theInspiratory Muscles. A second presentation to the AAEM Annual Meeting onOct. 8, 1993 concerned Magnetic Stimulation of the Bladder in Dogs.

To the extent that the foregoing references are relevant to the presentinvention, they are herein specifically incorporated by reference. Wheretemperatures are given, they are in degrees C. unless otherwiseindicated. Pressure measurements are reported with reference to thereading at pubic symphysis as zero. Percentages and ratios given hereinare by weight unless otherwise indicated. Measurements herein are statedin degrees of approximation thereby where appropriate the word “about”may be indicated before any measurement.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention is directed to a method for treating a mammaliansubject to regulate the excretory function including the steps ofexposing the subject to sufficient electro-magnetic induction for asufficient period of time to induce the excretory function.

The present invention also provides a method for treating a mammaliansubject to regulate the urinary function including the steps of exposingthe subject to sufficient electro-magnetic induction for a sufficientperiod of time to induce the excretory function wherein the fieldstrength maximum is less than 5.0 Tesla, and having a focus of theelectro-magnetic induction including that portion of the anatomy of themammalian subject between the L 1 and S 5 vertebrae, and providedfurther that the pressure of the urinary bladder is measured prior toand/or during the electro-magnetic induction.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a graph of the magnetic field at the center of a 70-mm meandiameter stimulation coil.

FIG. 2 shows current focusing at a vertebral foramen.

FIG. 3 shows a flow chart for determining the protocol to be used on aselected subject.

FIG. 4 shows a male subject with anterior placement of the magnetic coilwith various systemic functions being measured.

FIG. 5 shows the simulation of a mammalian bladder and urethra both ofwhich are monitored for baseline and electro-magnetically inducedpressure.

FIG. 6 shows the magnetic stimulator (source of electro-magneticinduction) in relation to the sacral nerves of a subject.

With more particular reference to the drawings the following is setforth. FIG. 1 is self explanatory showing the relationship of a magneticfield at the center of a 70-mm mean diameter stimulation coil such asmay be employed in the present invention.

FIG. 2 shows magnetic current 1 focusing at a vertebral foramen 2(orifice in the bony structure of the vertebra 3).

FIG. 3 is a flow chart for determining the protocol to be used on aselected subject depending upon whether transabdominal and supine, orsacral and prone electromagnetic induction stimulation is desired.

FIG. 4 shows a male 10 subject with anterior placement of the magneticcoil 11 with a electro-magnetic stimulation provided by 12 a highfrequency magnetic stimulator driven by a computer 13 with monitor 14and printer 15. Bladder, rectal and urethral pressure sensing devicesare shown jointly as 16 and are connected to the computer 13 formonitoring, recording and feedback for measuring each function andchanging the level, duration, and interval between each electro-magneticstimulation.

FIG. 5 shows the simulation of a mammalian bladder 20 and urethra bothof which are monitored for baseline and electro-magnetically inducedpressure by a bladder pressure catheter 21 and a urethral pressurecatheter 22 both of which feed data to computer 13 (not shown).

FIG. 6 shows the magnetic stimulator coil 11 (source of electro-magneticinduction) in relation to the sacral nerves 30 of a subject. Each of thesacral nerves is also separately noted by number in accordance withaccepted practice.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

As previously discussed the present invention is concerned withexcretory functions. In particular, the excretory functions of mammalsare primarily urination (micturition) and defecation. In this patent,the term mammals includes all mammals, particularly those which areland-dwelling, and includes humans.

In mammals, where there has been a spinal cord injury, the resultingparalysis ordinarily extends beyond the point of the injury to theextremities. In the case of the urinary function, the bladder musttypically be catheterized. That is, in the absence of sufficient nerveactivity to stimulate the muscles surrounding the bladder, there is noproper bladder function.

The defecation function in mammals is somewhat less sensitive to spinalinjury, as the vagus nerve supplies the excitatory parasympatheticactivities from the esophagus to the mid-transverse colon. With properdiet and bowel care, defecation may occur.

In either the case of urination or defecation, there is a need for nervefunction below the point of the injury to void urine and feces. Inaddition to nerve function the bladder it self being regulated by smoothmuscle tissue may be reflexive, hyper reflexive or flaccid. The methodof treatment described herein is to a greater or lesser extent useful ineach of the aforementioned bladder states, however, as a practicalmatter the hyper reflexive or flaccid states will be the primary focusof eh present invention.

Currently, hospitals periodically catheterize bladder-impaired patients.The process is costly and time-consuming, often resulting in additionaltrauma to the subject. Assisted defecation must be done with the processof enema or electrical stimulation of the bowel. The limited diet of asubject, the discomfort of constant enema or electrical stimulationoften results in the patient giving up the will to live.

As previously discussed the invention deals with a non-physicallyinvasive method to stimulate the urinary function and defecationfunction. The equipment utilized for the functional magnetic stimulation(electro-magnetic induction) of the excretory function is convenientlyavailable as a Cadwell HS M E S-10 Magnetic Stimulator 12 which isavailable from Cadwell Laboratories, Inc. 909 N. Kellogg Street,Kennewick, Wash. 99336.

In any event, any suitable magnetic stimulation device may be utilizedin the present invention. The general parameters for treating amammalian subject are to expose the subject to a field strength between1 Hertz and 150 hertz, preferably 3 Hertz to 100 Hertz and morepreferably 10 Hertz to 40 Hertz. The duration of the stimulationprovided is typically from 0.5 to 30 seconds, often 0.75 to 15 secondsand most preferably from 1 second to 8 seconds.

To approximate normal bladder and bowel function, the electro-magneticinduction is employed in repeated intervals from 0.5 to 20 seconds,typically 1 second to 15 seconds and most preferably 3 seconds to 12seconds. The total number of the electro-magnetic induction cycles forurination stimulation are typically from 1 to 100, typically 2 to 50,and often 6 to 25. Desirably, the micturition will result in at least100 milliliters, preferably at least 200 milliliters, and mostpreferably at least 250 milliliters of urine being voided during eachepisode of cycles of electro-magnetic induction, e. g. each series oftreatments of the subject.

The electro-magnetic induction may be varied depending upon the patientresponse between each interval. Stated otherwise, insufficient responsein the bowel or bladder will usually require slightly greater amounts ofelectro-magnetic induction in each interval until the optimum has beenachieved. Often, the bowel function will require greater stimulationthan the urinary function.

As later discussed, the bladder of injured patients may becomedangerously full between voiding. A further aspect of the invention isthe monitoring of the bladder to prevent damage thereto or to theurethra. For the moment, it is safe to say that the history of thetreatment of each subject may be conveniently recorded electronicallywith the information fed into a computer so that each patients' profileis set for optimal elimination of urine and/or feces. Once the bladderand/or urethra and/or bowel profiles (particularly pressure) have beenobserved the catheterization such as for pressure measurements may bediscontinued or monitored only intermittently thus causing less stressand pain to the subject.

As the bladder is typically much more sensitive to stimulation and therisk of injury it will typically be observed that it is more effectiveto stimulate for urinary function and thereafter increasing thestimulation for bowel function. However, there is no particulardifficulty in utilizing both bowel and urinary function stimulation atthe same time. Of course, where there may be any subject discomfort, theappropriate electro-magnetic induction may be utilized to only inducethe desired excretory function.

The subject's behavior under stimulation may be aided by utilizing wellknown medical devices such as X-ray and ultra sound to determine thedegree of success in the electro-magnetic induction of the excretorysystem. Typically, the entire bladder will not need to be completelyvoided, but will only be voided to the extent necessary to approximate anormal excretory function.

The location of the electro-magnetic induction is such that the coilwill be placed directly upon the subject, up to a distance of not morethan 0.1 meter, more preferably less than 1 cm or 0.5 cm from thesurface of the subject. As there is a linear effect to theelectro-magnetic radiation, it is desired that the coils be placedrelatively close to the subject to accomplish several purposes.

First, by placing the coil close to the subject there will be littleover-spray of the electro-magnetic radiation with the avoidance ofstimulating other functions, such as respiration or cardiac function.Secondly, by placing the coils relatively close to the subject, thedifferences in signal strength of the electro-magnetic radiation will beminimized.

Lastly, the patient profile may be adjusted for the distance from thesubject during the electro-magnetic induction. In some situations, thesubject may have a sensitivity to having the coils placed directly uponthe body which may be either of a physiological or psychological nature.Thus, by avoiding intimate contact with the subject, some degree ofcomfort may be obtained by the subject.

The area of the subject to be stimulated is typically in the lumbosacralregion between the L 1 and S 5 vertebrae. Conveniently, theelectro-magnetic induction is addressed to the area between the L 4 andS 3 vertebrae. The subject may conveniently be either in the supine orthe prone position. It is expected that with suitable experimentation anormal bowel function, while seated on the toilet may be possible.

The urinary function upon electro-magnetic induction will typicallyincrease the bladder pressure to from 10 to 150 centimeters of water. Aspreviously discussed the pressure of the urinary bladder may be measuredin the subject before, during and after the electro-magnetic inductionis initiated. A baseline may be obtained for the patient by utilizing aDantec 5000 Urodynamic Investigation System.

A further variable in the present invention is the avoidance inducingurethra pressure with the electromagnetic induction substantiallygreater than the bladder pressure which is induced. That is, it ispossible to stimulate both the bladder and the urethra substantiallysimultaneously such that micturition does not occur. Of course, if thebladder pressure is too great harm may occur to the subject whenmicturition does not occur. Thus it is desirable to monitor both thebladder and urethra pressure to maintain a differential when theelectro-magnetic induction is occurring such that no harm occurs to theeither urinary system. Typically, the induced pressure of the bladdershould be greater than that of the urethra by a factor of preferably atleast 50%, preferably at least 40% and even greater than 20%.

Conveniently, the mammalian subject is exposed to a field strengthmaximum of less than 3.0 Tesla. Conveniently the field strength maximumis less than 5.0 Tesla. The electro-magnetic induction device istypically operated between 50% and 100% of the maximum power,conveniently 60% to 80% of the maximum power. The maximum radiationstrength per cycle of the electro-magnetic induction is maintained atless than about 50 microcurie per pulse.

The following is an exemplification of the present invention:

EXAMPLE I

A laboratory dog is stimulated utilizing a 9 centimeter coil placedfirmly at the supra pubic region. A 4 second train of 20 Hz magneticstimulation at 70% output is utilized. Peak bladder pressure in theanimal is observed at 114 centimeters water of which 24 centimeters ofwater was due to a detrusor contraction.

The animal is observed to both urinate and defecate during theprocedure.

EXAMPLE II

The following example is conducted on two human volunteer patients whichwere paraplegic at the T-7 location.

One patient was treated by placing the magnetic coil at the suprapubicregion in the supine position and the second patient was treated in thelumbar position while in the prone position. In both cases the magneticcoil was placed directly on the patient.

The first patient demonstrates spontaneous uninhibited contractions ofthe bladder at approximately 110 milliliters of water filling in aroutine water cystometry. The treatment level is a 3-second Hzstimulation at 70% power output. The peak bladder pressure increasesfrom 20 centimeters at the baseline to 34 centimeters of water while therectal pressure increases from 45 to 57 centimeters of water.

While lying prone, and applying the same stimulation to the lumbarregion, the bladder pressure increases from 20 to 82 centimeters ofwater, and the rectal pressure increases from 46 to 104 centimeterswater. By repetitively stimulating the lumbosacral region it is observedthat spontaneous defecation occurs.

The second paraplegic patient demonstrated a flaccid bladder at 800millimeters of fluid filling in the water cystometry. The second patientwas placed in a supine position and the bladder filled at approximately500 milliliters of fluid. The magnetic coil was placed at the suprapubicregion and a three second train of 30 Hz magnetic stimulation with 70%power output is employed.

It is observed that the peak bladder pressure increases from 24 atbaseline 265 centimeters water. The rectal pressure in the secondpatient increases from 32 to 56 centimeters water. When lying prone, andapplying the same stimulation to the lumbar region, the second patient'sbladder pressure increases from 32 to 77 centimeters water, and therectal pressure increases from 23 to 48 centimeters water. Bothurination and defecation occurred by repetitively stimulating the lumbarregion.

What is claimed is:
 1. A method for treating a mammalian subject toregulate the excretory function including the steps of exposing thesubject to sufficient electro-magnetic induction for a sufficient periodof time to induce the excretory function.
 2. The method of claim 1wherein the mammalian subject is human.
 3. The method of claim 1 whereinthe electro-magnetic induction generates a field strength and themammalian subject is exposed to a field strength between 1 Hertz and 150Hertz in the region below the navel and above the buttocks.
 4. Themethod of claim 1 wherein the electromagnetic induction is focused andthe focus of the electromagnetic induction includes that portion of theanatomy of the mammalian subject between the L 1 and S 5 vertebrae. 5.The method of claim 4 wherein the mammalian subject is in the proneposition during the electro-magnetic induction.
 6. The method of claim 1wherein the electro-magnetic induction is employed in cycles and thecycles of the electro-magnetic induction are from about 0.5 to 30seconds.
 7. The method of claim 1 wherein the electro-magnetic inductionis employed in cycles and the electro-magnetic induction generatesradiation such that the maximum radiation strength per cycle of theelectro-magnetic induction is less than about 50 microcurie perelectro-magnetic induction.
 8. The method of claim 1 wherein theelectro-magnetic induction generates a field strength and the fieldstrength maximum is less than 5.0 Tesla.
 9. The method of claim 1wherein the urinary function induces an increase of bladder pressure ofat least 20 centimeters of water.
 10. The method of claim 1 wherein thepressure of the urinary bladder is maintained at less than twice theinitial pressure of the urinary bladder.
 11. The method of claim 1wherein more than one electro-magnetic induction is employed per singleurinary function.
 12. The method of claim 1 wherein the focus of theelectro-magnetic induction includes that portion of the anatomy of themammalian subject between the L 4 and S 3 vertebrae.
 13. The method ofclaim 1 wherein the total number of the electro-magnetic inductioncycles for urination stimulation are from 2 to
 100. 14. The method ofclaim 1 wherein the field strength maximum is less than 3.0 Tesla. 15.The method of claim 11 wherein more than one electro-magnetic inductionis employed per single urinary function with an interval between theelectro-magnetic inductions from 0.5 to 20 seconds.
 16. A method fortreating a mammalian subject to regulate the defecation functionincluding the steps of exposing the subject to sufficientelectro-magnetic induction for a sufficient period of time to induce thedefecation function.
 17. The method of claim 16 wherein the mammaliansubject is human.
 18. The method of claim 16 wherein theelectro-magnetic induction generates a field strength and the mammaliansubject is exposed to a field strength between 1 Hertz and 150 Hertz inthe region below the navel and above the buttocks.
 19. The method ofclaim 16 wherein the electromagnetic induction is focused and the focusof the electromagnetic induction includes that portion of the anatomy ofthe mammalian subject between the L 1 and S 5 vertebrae.
 20. The methodof claim 16 wherein the electromagnetic induction is employed in cyclesand the cycles of the electro-magnetic induction are from about 0.5 to30 seconds.
 21. The method of claim 16 wherein the electro-magneticinduction generates a field strength and the field strength maximum isless than 5.0 Tesla.
 22. The method of claim 16 wherein more than oneelectromagnetic induction is employed per single defecation function.23. The method of claim 16 wherein the electromagnetic induction isfocused and the focus of the electromagnetic induction includes thatportion of the anatomy of the mammalian subject between L 4 and S 3vertebrae.
 24. The method of claim 16 wherein the electro-magneticinduction is employed in cycles to induce defecation by the mammaliansubject and the total number of the electro-magnetic induction cyclesfor each such induced defecation stimulation are from 2 to 100 cycles.25. The method of claim 16 wherein the electromagnetic induction isemployed in cycles to stimulate defecation by the human subject and thetotal number of the electromagnetic induction cycles for each suchstimulated defecation are from 2 to 100 cycles.